说起Web服务器想必大家都不陌生,站长基本都会用到,但是即使使用Web服务器,可能并不了解它的工作原理,而工作原理对于使用者来说又是相当重要的,如果你明白了其原理,那么维护工作就更得心应手了,那么Web服务器到底是什么呢?它的原理又是什么呢?
Web服务器是什么?
我们最常说的Web服务器指的是网站服务器,它是建立在Internet之上并且驻留在某种计算机上的程序。Web服务器可以向Web客户端(如浏览器)提供文档或其他服务,只要是遵循HTTP协议而设计的网络应用程序都可以是Web客户端。
Web服务器可以解析HTTP协议。当Web服务器接收到一个HTTP请求,会返回一个HTTP响应,例如送回一个HTML页面。为了处理一个请求,Web服务器可以响应一个静态页面或图片,进行页面跳转,或者把动态响应的产生委托给一些其它的程序例如CGI脚本,JSP脚本,servlets,ASP脚本,服务器端JavaScript,或者一些其它的服务器端技术。无论它们的目的如何,这些服务器端的程序通常产生一个HTML的响应来让浏览器可以浏览。
Web服务器的工作原理?
1.在用户代理上用户发起资源请求,请求内容包括但不限于:指定资源的唯一标识URI,指明动作类型(GET/POST/DELETE/PUT...)
2. 用户代理解析用户输入URI并从中获取目标域名,交由DNS服务器解析。如果URI中指定某IP地址,这无需这步。
3. 如果与服务器的会话还没建立,此时先建立TCP连接,并完成HTTP协商(确定双方均可接受的处理方式,包括协议版本,是否加密,内容格式等等)。
4. 用户代理把请求内容封装成HTTP数据包向服务器发送。
5. 服务器接收到资源请求并以之前协商好的方式解包并处理。
6. 服务器请求的资源封装成HTTP数据包并返回给用户代理。
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